Infrastructure

The Engineering and Construction Services industry is made of companies that support building projects through four main avenues: non-residential building construction, professional construction services, engineering services, and infrastructure construction. Non-residential building construction involves building projects such as factories, warehouses, offices, universities, hotels, or malls. The construction-related professional services focuses on serving customers with services that are implemented into construction such as carpentry, electrical, painting, and plumbing. This sector of the industry generally involves smaller companies.

The engineering services offered include providing specialized design and feasibility studies of projects that are being implemented. Finally, the infrastructure construction segment of the industry specializes in the designing and building of dams, gas pipelines, water networks, and power plants. Many companies in this industry specialize in multiple of the listed sections of industry, and many operations are held globally with customers in the private and public sector.

The Gas Utilities and Distributors industry consists of gas distribution companies that operate local, low-pressure pipes to transfer natural gas to users, and gas marketing companies that act as brokers gathering and delivering natural gas in the quantities that fit various customer needs. Both natural and propane gas are used for heating, but this industry deals with a much higher amount of natural gas than propane gas. In a regulated market companies must fix their priced to the regulated amount, but they are offered a monopoly over the delivery of natural gas.

In deregulated markets there is a strong divide between distribution and marketing as they are legally separated. The customer is able to chose which company they would like to buy their gas from and that company must deliver all gas equitably for a fixed fee. This industry is in charge of delivering reliable and safe gas at a low-cost both fiscally and environmentally.

Companies that develop homes and residential communities through land acquisition, site preparation, home construction, and house sales are a part of the Home Builders industry. The companies within this industry plan out communities and chose what house styles they wish to include in the communities, typically they develop single-family homes.

Companies can also plan and develop condominiums, townhomes, or multi-family homes. This industry is rather fragmented with variation in company sizes, structures, and locations. Many of the large companies tend to work on multiple varying development types.

Companies in the Real Estate industry own, develop, and operate real estate assets that produce income. Many companies within this industry are real estate investment trusts (REITs). The REITs work with industrial, retail, hotel, residential, and office properties and usually take on the direct ownership of their assets.

The Real Estate industry takes care of the management and operations of properties so that clients have a more simplified interaction with the assets. REITs can either have a concentration in a specific property type, or work with a diverse list of properties.

Companies that work within the Real Estate Services industry provide services including property management, appraisal, and brokerage to real estate owners, tenants, developers, and investors. The service of property management is described as managing tenant relations, building maintenance and security, and leasing.

Most companies within this industry also aid with facilitating sales and leasing contracts; specialized services that are also often provided include advisory and appraisals. Through their appraisal services, the companies in this industry are able to play a big part in the real estate value chain which goes to further impact the global economy and housing market.

The Waste Management industry is made of companies that collect, store, and dispose of industrial, residential, and commercial waste. The types of waste collected vary client to client, but tend to include hazardous waste, recyclables, municipal solid waste, and compostables. Many of the large companies in this industry provide multiple services, including waste collecting, landfilling, and recycling, but some companies specialize in specific types of hazardous waste, such as medical waste. There are also some companies in the industry that provide consulting services for waste removal and environmental impact, and there is a segment of the industry specifically dedicated to turning waste into energy.

The Water Utilities and Services industry consists of companies that have two main responsibilities, the first is to own and operate the water supply and wastewater treatment systems, and the second is to provide specialized services to water system owners. The two systems involved in this industries work are the water supply system and the wastewater treatment system. The water supply system is a system that sources, treats, and distributes water to businesses, residents, and governments. The wastewater treatment system collects sewage, industrial waste in fluid form, graywater, and stormwater runoff before it spreads into the environment and treats the water to make it less harmful.